Climate Alarmists are Looking Rather Foolish, as the Earth Cools Down……

Global warming scare declared over

Source: WND  agw-earth

‘Past time to stop the madness of wasting great sums of money on EPA’s imaginary threat’

Scientists and others on a team assembled by the Chicago-based Heartland Institute, which focuses on free-market solutions to today’s problems, say the “scare” of global warming from the use of carbon fuels and other human activities “is over.”

It’s “past time” for the world to realize that and “stop the madness of wasting great sums of money on EPA’s imaginary threat,” contends Kenneth Haapala, the executive vice president of the Science and Environmental Policy Project at the Heartland Institute.

Institute experts said Thursday the Remote Sensing Systems, which provide data to NASA, NOAA and the National Science Foundation, have confirmed “the global mean surface temperature has not risen for 18 consecutive years.”

“This extends the so-called ‘pause’ in global warming to a new record, one not predicted by the climate models of the United Nations’ International Panel on Climate Change,” the organization said.

Craig Idso, senior fellow in environment for the Heartland Institute and co-editor of the Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change, a counterpart to the IPCC, said that to “the world’s climate alarmists, atmospheric carbon dioxide is a dangerous trace gas, and for years, they have been insisting its increase will raise global temperatures and wreak havoc upon Earth’s climate and biosphere.”

“Yet, despite a 9 percent increase in CO2 over the past 18 years, there has been no rise in global temperature,” he said.

“Think about that. Over this time period the air’s CO2 content has risen some 40 parts per million, which represents fully one-third the total global CO2 increase since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, yet contrary to model projections, planetary temperatures have failed to rise,” Idso said.

Idso said it’s “time for global warming diehards to face the facts.”

“Stop denying the models have got global temperature projections wrong. Stop denying CO2 has a lower climate sensitivity than you have been claiming. Stop denying the societal benefits of continued fossil fuel use. It’s not too late to make a course correction and support sound science,” he said.

James Taylor, the institute’s senior fellow for environmental policy, said, based on the latest results in the climate studies, that the “ongoing 18 years without any warming strongly contradict alarmist predictions of global warming doom-and-gloom.”

“According to nearly all of the United Nations’ computer models, this lack of warming could not occur,” he noted. “The real-world climate proves the alarmist computer models overstate the warming properties of carbon dioxide. Even when Earth resumes its modest warming, which it likely will at some point in the next couple of decades, the pace of warming will continue to be quite modest and beneficial to human welfare and global ecosystems.”

Haapala dinged the federal EPA over the issue.

“The EPA claimed that carbon dioxide emissions are pollutants that endangers human health, even though carbon dioxide is necessary for life on this planet. Green plants need carbon dioxide for photosynthesis to create the food plants and animals need to survive. The EPA stated that it based its finding on three lines of evidence. These lines of evidence do not exist, or no longer exist. They are: (1) a distinct human fingerprint in the atmosphere over the tropics; (2) late 20th century warming was unusual; and (3) climate models predict that human-caused warming would become dangerous to humans in the 21st century. No one, including the National Academy of Sciences, has been able to find the distinct human fingerprint except those who falsely claim such a warming is uniquely human-caused,” he said.

“Late 20th century warming stopped about 18 years ago. Climate models cannot explain why, even though, according to the White House, federal expenditures on climate science and programs to fight global warming/climate change amount to about $22.5 billion a year. There is no scientific reason to assume significant warming will occur in the future from human carbon dioxide emission.”

Haapala said it’s “past time to stop the madness of wasting great sums of money on EPA’s imaginary threat to human health.”

Tom Harris, executive director of the International Climate Science Coalition, pointed out that the established criteria of global-warming alarmists shows their models are not reliable.

“In 2008, the NOAA ‘State of the Climate’ report specified exactly what observations would indicate whether the models are reliable or not: Fifteen years of no warming. In 2009, climate scientist Phil Jones agreed, telling a colleague in one of the leaked Climategate emails: ‘Bottom line: the ‘no upward trend’ has to continue for a total of 15 years before we get worried,’” Harris said.

“Having just passed 18 years with no warming, the criteria, as set by alarmists themselves, is now satisfied. The global warming scare is over,” Harris said.

H. Sterling Burnett, research fellow at the institute and managing editor at Environment & Climate News, said this year’s high school graduates “were raised to believe in and fear something that stopped happening before they were born.”

“Growing Antarctic ice sheets, increased greening of the earth, more walruses and polar bears than at any time since the beginning of the 20th century, fewer hurricanes and tornadoes, only a modest sea level rise, longer life spans and better overall health … if these are the terrors of global warming, I’ll have more please.”

James Rust, retired professor of nuclear engineering at Georgia Tech, said there have been dozens of “explanations” for the “pause in global warming – most claiming heat is hidden somewhere in the ocean.”

“These claims are fiction, as was the claim by a British meteorologist in 2001 that children today, in 2014, would never witness snow,” he said.

Marc Morano, publisher of Climate Depot, said the evidence simply shows carbon dioxide is not the “overriding driver of the climate.”

And meteorologist John Coleman said it’s time to get over it.

“There has not been any significant man-made global warming in the past, there is none now, and there is no reason to expect any in the future,” he said. “The computer models that predicted the warming have failed to verify. There has been no warming in 18 years. The ice at the poles is stable. The polar bears are increasing. The oceans are not rising.”

Mischa Popoff, institute policy adviser, said, “Here we are in 2014 and there has been no global warming for the past 18 years.”

Alan Caruba of the National Anxiety Center said that after 18 years of observing no increase in average global temperature, it’s bad enough that the IPCC and it’s defenders won’t concede they were wrong, and the media won’t report it.

“But the worst of this 18-year anniversary of the lack of warming is the fact we have a president, a secretary of state and others in the Obama administration who continue not only to proclaim warming – now called climate change – but suggesting that it is the greatest threat to the nation and the world,” he said. “The absurdity of this should hold them up to ridicule, but these pronouncements are published without criticism.”

He said the current cooling cycle Earth is experiencing will continue for many years to come.

The cause, he said, is “nothing more mysterious than our sun – which is, itself, in a natural cycle of lower radiation.”

“As always, nature, not man, will have the last word.”

Just days ago, WND columnist Lord Monckton wrote: “Worldwide, the liarists – growing ever more desperate as the Great Pause grows ever longer – are taking up the cry that The Models Were Right All Along But The Warming Has Gone Into Hiding, Really And Truly It Has, With Knobs On, Cross My Heart And Hope To Die, So There.

“Just one problem with that. The catastrophist clique no longer entirely controls the scientific journals. It tried to, but it didn’t get away with it. In addition to ‘The ocean ate my global warming,’ the scientific journals contain a host of recent papers giving between them no less than 25 – yes, 25 – mutually incompatible explanations of the Great Pause.”

One year ago, Cairo saw its first snow in 100 years. Oregon, like several other states, reached its coldest temperature in 40 years. Chicago saw its coldest days ever, and – as if to add finality to the trend – Antarctica reached the coldest temperature ever recorded anywhere on earth.

The holes in the theory have been documented. For example, London’s Independent newspaper declared at the turn of the millennium “Snowfalls are now just a thing of the past.” The report quoted David Viner, senior research scientist at the Climatic Research Unit of the University of East Anglia, long considered an authoritative resource for global warming research, as saying snow would soon be “a very rare and exciting event” in Britain.

“Children just aren’t going to know what snow is,” he claimed at the time.

But the authoritative reputation of East Anglia was seriously downgraded in 2009 when leaked emails proved researchers there were engaged in a major scheme to manipulate and suppress evidence against global warming, misconduct London’s Telegraph newspaper called “the worst scientific scandal of our generation.”

The rhetoric and predictions of global warming acolytes have been every bit as confusing in the United States, with former vice president and carbon-credit entrepreneur Al Gore telling an audience in a 2009 speech that “the entire north polar ice cap during some of the summer months could be completely ice-free within the next five to seven years.” And his 2006 documentary “An Inconvenient Truth” famously predicted increasing temperatures would cause earth’s oceans to rise by 20 feet, a claim many scientists say is utterly without rational basis.

Well-known scientist Art Robinson has spearheaded The Petition Project which to date has gathered the signatures of 31,487 scientists who agree that there is “no convincing scientific evidence that human release of carbon dioxide, methane, or other greenhouse gases is causing or will, in the foreseeable future, cause catastrophic heating of the Earth’s atmosphere and disruption of the Earth’s climate.”

They say, “Moreover, there is substantial scientific evidence that increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide produce many beneficial effects upon the natural plan and animal environments of the Earth.”

Robinson, who has a Ph.D. in chemistry from Cal Tech, where he served on the faculty, co-founded the Linus Pauling Institute with Nobel-recipient Linus Pauling, where he was president and research professor. He later founded the Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine.

He told WND that weather does change over time and that the global system goes through cycles, some slightly warmer and some slightly cooler than others.

Right now it’s cooler, he said.

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Intelligent people Know the Climate Agenda is an Unaffordable Waste of Time and Resources!

Owen Paterson To Call For Suspension Of UK Climate Change Act

power-lines-ukBritain will struggle to “keep the lights on” unless the Government changes its green energy policies, the former environment secretary will warn this week. Owen Paterson will say that the Government’s plan to slash carbon emissions and rely more heavily on wind farms and other renewable energy sources is fatally flawed. He will argue that the 2008 Climate Change Act, which ties Britain into stringent targets to reduce the use of fossil fuels, should be suspended until other countries agree to take similar measures. If they refuse, the legislation should be scrapped altogether, he will say. Mr Paterson will deliver the lecture at the Global Warming Policy Foundation, a think tank set up by Lord Lawson of Blaby, a climate-change sceptic and former chancellor in Margaret Thatcher’s Cabinet. –Christopher Hope, The Sunday Telegraph, 12 October 2013

It is safe to predict that no speech made by a British politician this week will be more surprising or significant than that to be delivered by Owen Paterson, a senior Conservative, who was sacked from the Cabinet last July for being too good at his job. –Christopher Booker, The Sunday Telegraph, 12 October 2014

The high cost of energy could drive companies out of the UK, according to the EEF, the manufacturers’ organisation.  The EEF claims that the projected 50 per cent rise in electricity prices by 2020 would harm British manufacturing. The warning follows research from the EEF which shows that rising energy costs would lead to a quarter of manufacturers considering investment overseas. —Yorkshire Post, 13 October 2014

The very idea that an advanced economy such as ours faces an energy crisis within the next few years should attract the most urgent attention of our political leaders. Yet we appear to be drifting into a situation of great seriousness because they are all wedded to unrealistic decarbonisation targets that none seems willing to revisit. Owen Paterson has begun a debate that cannot be shut down simply because it raises some difficult political questions. If this is not gripped now, then the next government, of whatever stripe, will need to explain to the country why they could have prevented the lights going out, but didn’t. –Editorial, The Sunday Telegraph, 12 October 2014

EU leaders face difficult negotiations to agree a package of climate change targets for 2030 at an end-of-October summit, with coal-reliant Poland leading objections, sources said on Friday. “The European Council will agree on the 2030 climate and energy policy framework for the European Union,” said the draft prepared for the bloc’s 28 member state leaders. But the question of “burden sharing” is central to actually closing a deal, a European source said, with sharp differences between those dependent on fossil fuels, such as Poland, compared with France and Britain which favour nuclear, and Germany which is looking towards renewables. Poland’s new prime minister, Ewa Kopacz, said earlier this month that her coal-reliant country would not rule out vetoing the high carbon cuts. —AFP, 10 October 2014

Forget QE, surely the precipitous oil price decline in the last couple of weeks will finally give the down-trodden European economy the big boost it needs. After three years of prices north of $100 a barrel, surely a big cut in Europe’s energy bill will provide a stimulus effect that Mario Draghi could only dream of? I’m afraid not. Why? Europe is overwhelmed by taxation, subsidy, over-capacity and green incentivisation plans that have conspired to make hydrocarbons a dirty and expensive source of energy. –Steve Sedgwick, City A.M., 7 October 2014

World-wide Energy Poverty Worsens, as Governments Enforce Unaffordable Energy Policies

Video: why renewables equal death

energy_poverty

Videographer Paul Budline writes:

First, pardon the overwrought subject heading.  But I would like as many people as possible to see a 5-minute piece that I just finished.  It focuses on the unintended consequences of marchers demanding an end to fossil fuels.
It’s obviously shot on a shoestring and relies heavily on stock footage, but it’s an important topic:
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kSugIzPGa5I

Wind Industry is NOT Viable, and we Can’t afford to Support Them!

Photo: Ingram/Getty Images

One of the world’s largest wind turbine manufacturers let loose a bit of truth and self-admission to the Financial Times: We still need help, and that help must come from taxpayers.

The wind production tax credit, a generous $23 per-megawatt-hour tax credit the producer receives for 10 years, expired last year. At that rate, taxpayers are effectively covering half the wholesale price of electricity and, in some areas of the country, the entire wholesale price. The PTC expired at the end of 2013, but several policymakers are pushing for an extension.

Lisa Davis, who leads the global energy business at Siemens, told the Financial Times the wind industry was close to grid parity with conventional sources of electricity such as coal and natural gas, but “we’re not there yet.”

“We’ve not yet got to the point where it’s truly self-sustaining,” she said. “We’ve got to focus on cost competitiveness.”

So the way to become self-sustaining and cost-competitive is to plead for extended reliance on the taxpayer? That is exactly why Congress needs to cut the cord on wind energy subsidies from the federal government. The wind industry cannot focus on lowering costs while it is so heavily subsidized because subsidies enable them to ignore costs. So, rather than trying to achieve the true price point necessary for cost-competitiveness, the wind industry concentrates on securing more subsidies. Eliminating the PTC for good will allow wind producers to become self-sustaining if the technology truly can compete with other sources of energy.

If wind cannot compete, then it doesn’t belong in our energy mix. America has a robust and diverse supply of electricity generation where our energy demands are met through coal, natural gas, nuclear, hydropower and other renewable sources. We don’t need the federal government to create artificial diversity that wastes taxpayer dollars and promotes stagnation. This holds true for all energy sources.

The reality is startups and new ideas and technologies succeed and fail all of the time. Failure should not be a signal for the federal government to come to the rescue; it’s a signal those resources can be put to more productive use in the economy. But the wind industry is no start-up. It’s been more than 22 years since Matthew Wald of the New York Times wrote, “Because of striking improvements in technology, the commercial use of these windmills, or wind turbines as the builders call them, has shown that in addition to being pollution free, they can now compete with fossil fuels in the cost of producing electricity.”

There is no justification for propping up established companies, either. If Chi Chi’s pleaded for handouts to stay competitive with the likes of Applebees, or Microsoft told America it needed support from the taxpayer to sell more Zunes, policymakers rightfully would scoff. Those companies didn’t fail because they weren’t cost competitive; they simply offered a product consumers didn’t want to buy.

Rather than creating a sustainable industry, the PTC artificially propped up an industry, advanced special interests and allocated labor and capital away from more competitive uses in the marketplace. Extending the credit would only exacerbate those problems and complicate opportunities for real tax reform. Congress should hold its ground and keep the sun set on the wind PTC.

Climate Fraud Exposed…..AGAIN!! These Fools Are Not Giving up Easily!

EPA Defrauding The Public About Alaskan Glaciers

The EPA has these images on their web site – claiming to show how global warming is causing the Muir Glacier to disappear.

ScreenHunter_22-Dec.-28-10.55

http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/indicators/

What they forgot to mention is that most of the retreat pictured above occurred between 1941 and 1950.

ScreenHunter_235-Apr.-06-19.30

This August 1950 photo documents the significant changes that occurred during the 9 years between photographs A and B. Muir Glacier has retreated more than 2 miles, exposing Muir Inlet, and thinned 340 feet or more.

Muir Glacier in Glacier Bay National Monument 1950

And of course this retreat had been going on for centuries

ScreenHunter_236-Apr.-06-19.38

For nearly two centuries before 1941, Muir Glacier had been retreating. In places, a thickness of more than two-thirds of a mile of ice had been lost.

USGS Multimedia Gallery: Muir Glacier in Glacier Bay National Monument 1941

http://soundwaves.usgs.gov/2001/07/glacierbaymap.gif

ScreenHunter_638 Jun. 24 06.44

18 Feb 1952 – POLAR ICE THAW INCREASING GLACIERS SAID TO [?]

Carbon Capture and Storage….Another Huge Waste of Our Money!!

CCS is really a good idea, for wasting money

The Canadian foray into Carbon Capture and Storage is quite a money waster.  Why do we keep pursuing it? From EUReferendum.com, Energy: CCS – the fantasy continues

There should a special place reserved in Hell for the government officials and politicians who waste public money by employing the likes of Ashley Ibbett, the Director of the Office of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) at the Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC).

It is there, at DECC, that Mr Ibbett is the Senior Responsible Officer (SRO) for the CCS Commercialisation Programme, a multi-billion pound programme which aims to develop the first CCS-equipped power generation in the UK.

One could, of course, rail against the huge waste on expenditure on the CCS programme, but it is easier to direct one’s loathing at a named individual – which is one of the reasons why we have politicians, to act as lightning conductors for public disaffection.

But in this case, Mr Ibbett has broken cover in the DECC blog with a gushing and ultimately dishonest report of a jolly to Canada (at taxpayers’ expense).

This was to visit the Boundary Dam coal fired power plant in Saskatchewan, Canada, and witness “the historic moment” when Brad Wall, Premier of Saskatchewan, switched on a $1.4 billion coal-fired generator, fitted with CCS which will “capture more than 90 percent of the carbon dioxide that would otherwise escape to the atmosphere”.

Says the gushing Ibbett, this demonstrates to sceptics that CCS can be deployed at scale. Several pilot scale capture facilities have operated in the past, but this is the first time carbon capture has operated on a commercial scale on a power station anywhere in the world.

Where the dishonesty comes in here is by omission. Ibbett is very keen to point out that the plant will capture around one million tonnes of carbon dioxide each year – equivalent to taking 250,000 cars off Saskatchewan roads annually, he says – but is extremely reticent about revealing the costs of this fantasy project.

In fact, of the total $1.4 billion plant cost, the reports put the actual cost of upgrading the 30-year-old plant at $400 million,putting the CCS at a cool billion, tripling the capital needed to provide a modest 110MW generating capacity.

But the omissions don’t stop there. The original plant was rated at 139MW so, for the expenditure of $1.4 billion, the Canadians have ended up with an overall reduction of 29MW capacity. Here, Ibbett’s dishonesty is compounded by that of the plant operator, SaskPower, which tells Reuters that the loss of the 29MW capacity represents an “energy penalty” of around 20 percent.

We have to go to a local report, however, to find that the upgrade, including a new, high-efficiency boiler and steam turbine, cranked up the nameplate capacity to 162MW. But the CCS unit needs about 34 MW to operate, resulting in a “parasitic loss” of about 21 per cent of plant’s power. Then, another 18MW are needed for other systems, reducing the net output to 110MW.

This cost of 52MW represents a loss not of 20 percent, as the plant operator is stating, but 32 percent, just one point short of a full third loss in capacity. Effectively, therefore, efficiency is cut by a third, for a tripling of the capital cost.

Going back to the Reuters report, it tells us that most modern ultra-supercritical coal power plants can achieve a thermal efficiency of up to about 45 percent. Retrofitting such a plant would reduce its efficiency to around 35 percent, a penalty of around 25 percent.

But for less-efficient supercritical and sub-critical power plants, with initial thermal efficiencies of less than 40 percent and in some cases less than 30 percent, the penalty could amount to 40 percent or even 50 percent of the plant’s total electrical output.

Even a 20-30 percent energy penalty, Reuters says, is enormous and would radically affect the operations of coal-fired power plants in North America and the rest of the world if all power plants were retrofitted with CCS systems. Retrofitting all coal-fired plants in the United States would increase coal consumption by 400-600 million tonnes per year, or cut their net electrical output by 75-100GW, more than the peak demand of California.

Even then, there is no direct comparison between different sites. The majority of the captured gas from the Boundary Dam site is being sold to operator Cenovus for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) at its Weyburn oilfield. Cenovus has set up injection wells and built a 40 mile-long pipeline connecting Weyburn with Boundary Dam. Many CCS sites will be much further than 40 miles from an injection site.

Yet this is the technology we are paying Mr Ibbett to gush over, a madcap scheme that will massively increase the amount of fuel we will have to use in order to generate electricity at massively increased cost. Is this really what we want our civil servants to be doing?

Higher costs for construction, loss of output for CCS and loss of thermal efficiency.  This CCS thingy is really a great idea, yet the pols keep pushing it.  This facility was covered by Junkscience earlier, but I thought this article was worth doing again.  A special place in Hell…

And we keep pushing this in the US.

Global Warming….Global Cooling….Climate Change….Science is DEFINITELY NOT Settled

 NASA Scientists Puzzled by Global Cooling on Land and Sea

Image: NASA Scientists Puzzled by Global Cooling on Land and Sea(iStock)

Monday, 06 Oct 2014

The deep ocean may not be hiding heat after all, raising new questions about why global warming appears to have slowed in recent years, said the US space agency Monday.

Scientists have noticed that while greenhouse gases have continued to mount in the first part of the 21st century, global average surface air temperatures have stopped rising along with them, said NASA.

Some studies have suggested that heat is being absorbed temporarily by the deep seas, and that this so-called global warming hiatus is a temporary trend.

But latest data from satellite and direct ocean temperature measurements from 2005 to 2013 “found the ocean abyss below 1.24 miles (1,995 meters) has not warmed measurably,” NASA said in a statement.

The findings present a new puzzle to scientists, but co-author Josh Willis of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) said the reality of climate change is not being thrown into doubt.

“The sea level is still rising,” said Willis.

“We’re just trying to understand the nitty-gritty details.”

A separate study in August in the journal Science said the apparent slowdown in the Earth’s surface warming in the last 15 years could be due to that heat being trapped in the deep Atlantic and Southern Ocean.

But the NASA researchers said their approach, described in the journal Nature Climate Change, is the first to test the idea using satellite observations, as well as direct temperature measurements of the upper ocean.

“The deep parts of the ocean are harder to measure,” said researcher William Llovel of NASA JPL.

“The combination of satellite and direct temperature data gives us a glimpse of how much sea level rise is due to deep warming. The answer is — not much.”

Read Latest Breaking News from Newsmax.comhttp://www.Newsmax.com/Newsfront/Science-US-climate-oceans/2014/10/06/id/598864/#ixzz3FTZYhwTG
Urgent: Should Obamacare Be Repealed? Vote Here Now!

Are the Liberals Finally Waking Up, in Britain? Green taxes are Absurd!

Green taxes DO harm the British economy and let other countries carry on polluting, Vince Cable admits

  • Business Secretary said levies on energy were undermining British exports
  • He said Lib Dems had to recognise green tax meant pollution was ‘exported’
  • Remarks will be seized on by the Tories who have warned of green tax harm

Vince Cable has launched an astonishing broadside against the party’s green agenda, saying that it imposes too high a cost on industry.

The Business Secretary said industries with high energy costs such as steel, are struggling against their international competitors because of soaring electricity costs.

Chancellor George Osborne has given £250million compensation to ‘energy intensive’ industries, but Mr Cable admitted this ‘doesn’t go the whole hog’.

It is a surprise admission from a Liberal Democrat, because the party is passionate about renewable energy which is funded by levies on households and businesses.

Vince Cable today warned Lib Dems not to overlook the fact that pollution could simply be 'exported' abroad if green taxes put British companies out of business

Vince Cable today warned Lib Dems not to overlook the fact that pollution could simply be ‘exported’ abroad if green taxes put British companies out of business

Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2781433/Green-taxes-DO-harm-British-economy-let-countries-carry-polluting-Vince-Cable-admits.html#ixzz3FNBNbfWM
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Steve Minick from Texas Association of Business on the EPA Clean Power Plan

This is a stunningly good letter that was presented to the Hearing of the Texas House on the latest EPA insanity–the Clean Power Plan. Wanna know what’s wrong with the EPA, read Minick’s letter for a place to start.

Minick takes the EPA big plan apart and shows it to be a empty portfolio of nonsense and bad policy making.

Minick is an important voice for Business in Texas–an eloquent and knowledgeable man.

I highlighted some of the important stuff.

September 29, 2014

The Honorable Patricia Harless, Chairman
Committee on Environmental Regulation
Texas House of Representatives
P.O. Box 2910
Austin, Texas 78768-2910

RE: Environmental Protection Agency’s proposed Clean Power Plan under Clean Air Act Section 111(d)

Chairman Harless:

The Texas Association of Business (TAB) appreciates the opportunity to discuss the Speaker’s charge to the committee to study the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) proposed Clean Power Plan. TAB is a broad-based, bipartisan organization representing more than 4,000 Texas employers and over 200 local chambers of commerce. As Texas’ leading employer organization for more than 90 years, TAB represents some of the largest multi-national corporations as well as small businesses in almost every community in the state. Our business members and local chambers of commerce have a vital interest in the outcome of any decision by EPA to fundamentally alter the management and operation of the state’s electric power system and the effects such a proposal represents for the reliability and cost of critical electric supply in Texas.

EPA’s proposal to impose existing source performance standards for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions under Clean Air Act §111(d) is yet another in a series of rulemakings from EPA that regrettably departs even further from the cooperative partnership between EPA and the states that Congress envisioned in the passage of the Clean Air Act. The Act states clearly that air pollution prevention at its source is the primary responsibility of States and local governments. In addition to being inconsistent with the fundamental principle of cooperative federalism, the proposed Clean Power Plan is equally inconsistent with other specific provisions of the Clean Air Act. Beyond its questionable legal basis, however, the Committee should also be made aware that this rule, if enacted, will impose significant costs on Texas businesses and consumers, severely test our electric grid and reliability of electric service and effectively relinquish control of our power system to the federal government. Incredibly, even EPA’s own analysis shows plainly that this rule, intended to address climate change by reducing emissions of GHGs, will have no measureable effect on climate change.

Background and Description of the Clean Power Plan
EPA’s proposal to impose existing source performance standards for GHGs follows directly the failure of the current administration to move cap and trade legislation through Congress and is a well-recognized step in EPA’s long range plan to remove coal as a source of fuel for power generation in this country. An earlier step in that plan is the imposition of GHG performance standards for new sources. That rule, which will ensure that no new coal-fired power plants are built, was proposed in September 2013.
This next step, proposed in June of 2014, will ensure the closure of many of the existing coal-fired plants. President Obama, in speaking to the San Francisco Chronicle in 2008 outlined without any confusion his plan for coal power:

“Under my plan of a cap and trade system, electricity rates would necessarily skyrocket. Coal-powered plants…would have to retrofit their operations. That will cost money. They will pass that money on to consumers.”

The Clean Power Plan bears a resemblance to another increasingly familiar aspect of rulemaking under the Clean Air Act – obscuring any technical justification or analysis of a proposed rule in more pages of background than can reasonably be read and understood by the average interested party, certainly any affected party with limited time and resources. In this case, the rule itself only occupies some 38 pages of text, but that is then followed by over 600 pages of preamble with references to some 350 footnotes. Then comes a lengthy regulatory impact analysis and multiple technical support documents and then references to some 620 supporting documents.

While those affected by the rule might hope to find at least clarity in the rule’s purpose and effect in this massive production, even many of those who are supportive of the rule have expressed concern and uncertainty as to what it means, how it will affect their jurisdictions and, perhaps most importantly, how it can possibly be implemented.

Basis of the Clean Power Plan Rule
Under the Clean Power Plan EPA proposes to impose performance standards for existing power plants for GHG emissions under Section 111(d) of the Clean Air Act. In the previous 40 years EPA has used this authority in approximately five cases, and arguably never for any major source of emissions. Section 111(d) allows EPA to establish performance standards for existing sources of emissions and requires that any standards imposed reflect emission limitations achievable through what is defined as a Best System of Emission Reductions (BSER). But in this proposed rule, EPA abandons any rational definition of both source and system in the context of what Section 111(d) actually authorizes. Under the Clean Power Plan, emission reductions would apply not to a source of emissions (a power plant) but conceivably to every element of the state’s entire electric power system.

Further stretching the authority of 111(d), EPA does not propose any system of emission reduction technology, but instead, argues that each state can reach emission reduction targets through a variety of measures, including:

1. Improving efficiency of coal-fired electric generators by 6%;
2. Increasing the operation of natural gas-fired electric generators to 70% of current capacity;
3. Increasing the contribution of renewable energy sources up to 25%; and
4. Increasing the reductions in power consumption through demand response by 9-12%
An obvious observation of these “suggested” paths to compliance with GHG emission limitations is that, while they may indirectly affect emissions, none of them is actually a “system” of emission reductions applied to a “source” of emissions. In other words, EPA proposes to limit GHG emissions by not requiring any direct control of the emission of GHGs at their source. Put another way, the agency is proposing a rule under Section 111(d) that imposes requirements in no way authorized under Section 111(d). Within very specific conditions, EPA has authority to limit emissions by determining an appropriate system of controls for those emissions at their source.EPA does not have the authority to re-design our entire system for the generation, transmission, use or conservation of electric power to indirectly impact the production of GHGs.

Target Emission Rates
The key to the Clean Power Plan is target emission rates that EPA has determined for each affected state. Again, these are not targets applicable to actual sources of emissions (electric power plants) but overall targets applicable on a state-wide basis. In fact, it is accurate to acknowledge that under a statutory provision that authorizes control of sources of pollution, EPA is proposing a target for emission rates that is simply applied to an entire state, and not to any one source of pollution.

Beyond the obvious concern with the underlying statutory authority being cited, a major concern with the states’ emission targets is that the massive submission and supporting documentation still do not reveal any apparent rationale for the emission rates that are proposed. The rates assigned to individual states vary substantially and for reasons that are very difficult to comprehend. Somehow, under a rule presumably intended to reduce the emissions of a pollutant that we are told has serious negative implications for public welfare, some states are allowed to actually increase emissions of GHGs. Some observations of EPA’s proposed emission reduction targets may help to illustrate the difficulty in understanding a valid technical basis:

1. GHG emission reduction targets for the states range from an 83% reduction (for Washington) to a 37% increase (for Rhode Island).
2. Washington must reduce GHG emissions by 83%, Oregon by 42% and California by 7%.
3. Texas must reduce emissions by 42% and Oklahoma 41%, while Kansas and Nebraska can increase emissions by 10%.
4. South Dakota must decrease emissions by 4% but North Dakota can increase emissions by 1%.
5. Idaho has a reduction target of 49%, Wyoming 31%; Montana can increase emissions 8%.
6. Mississippi faces a target reduction of 62%, but Alabama 32%.
7. 3%.Virginia must reduce GHG emissions by 35%, West Virginia 0%.
8. Tennessee must reduce GHG emissions by 20%; Kentucky can increase emissions by 3%.
These examples are only some of the observations that clearly raise far more questions than EPA’s proposal provides answers.
The rationale of EPA appears to be an acknowledgment that each state is different and faces different challenges and opportunities for reducing GHG emissions. But in no provision of the Clean Air Act is EPA authorized to invent a plan for reducing emissions from existing sources without actually imposing requirements on existing sources and then allocate obligations to each of the states based on what in some opinion of EPA each state is capable of accomplishing. Beyond EPA’s questionable authority to impose such emission targets, it must also be recognized that the states on which fall the obligations to comply may lack much of the statutory authority to do what EPA outlines in its suggested “system” of emission reductions.

It must also be recognized that Texas is singled out for special treatment under this proposed rule. While Texas’ required percentage reduction in GHG emissions is not as large as some states (42%), when applied to the actual magnitude of Texas’ electric generation capacity the figures become very revealing of the real impact of the rule. Texas is clearly the largest producer and consumer of power in the U.S, but that status is merely a reflection of Texas’ position as a producer of fuel, manufactured goods and other products that meet the needs of the other states and our global trading partners. Under the Clean Power Plan, Texas is far and away the most significantly affected state:

• By 2030, Texas must reduce coal-fired electric generation by over 72 million megawatt hours (MWH), Florida is a distant second at just over 40 million MWH.
• Texas’ required GHG reductions by 2030 are almost three times greater than those required of second place Florida and dwarf the requirements for any other state.
To comply, Texas must reduce its coal-fired electric generation by over 53%; Indiana and Kentucky, the two closest states to Texas in terms of coal-fired generation, must reduce their generation from coal by 4.8% and 1%, respectively.
Texas leads the nation in the production of renewable energy. But by 2030, Texas must increase its use of renewable energy almost five times as much as the state closest to Texas in renewable energy capacity, California.
The significant variation and seemingly random allocation of emission targets to the different states, and certainly the significantly greater impact of the rule on Texas, are clearly impacts that demand a far more detailed and reasoned explanation before this rule receives any further consideration by EPA.

Costs and Benefits of the Clean Air Plan
There is no question that implementation of the Clean Air Plan will significantly affect the electric generation industry and consumers of power, from the largest industrial user to individual residential customers. The U. S. Chamber of Commerce has estimated compliance costs at approximately $50 billion. Other estimates of industry compliance costs are as “low” as $28 billion. These compliance costs to the electric industry are distinct from the actual costs to consumers which has been estimated to be a loss in disposable income of over $585 billion through 2030. Cost to manufacturers and others who use natural gas for purposes other than electric generation will also increase significantly as natural gas prices are projected to increase up to $50 billion. In addition to dollar impacts, the rule will result in some 178,000 lost jobs per year. Less easily quantified, but equally important, is the potential impact of a rule that will significantly put at risk the reliability of Texas’ electric grid, the failure of which can have extremely dramatic financial impacts, as well as public health and safety impacts.

One would assume that such a rule, with the potential for significant, negative economic consequences, would have to clearly provide benefits to public health and welfare at least as great, or even greater than the costs to justify serious consideration and certainly formal proposal. Quite surprisingly, the dramatic economic costs and potential risks to our electric power system will provide virtually no benefit whatsoever. EPA’s own analysis shows that the proposed rule will affect no more than .18 percent of global GHG emissions and offset the huge costs of its implementation by reducing global temperatures by between .01-.02 degrees C. and preventing a projected sea level rise of .016 inches.

EPA attempts to make up for the almost absurd lack of simple economic justification for the rule by suggesting that reducing operations and emissions from coal-fired power plants will have ancillary public health benefits. Even if such an unsupported position were rational, it is beyond reason to suggest that sufficient public health benefits could accrue to offset the significant costs of this rule. But the reality is that for several years and throughout EPA’s pursuit of its current air quality and energy policy agenda, the agency has continued time and again to cite ancillary benefits from reductions in emissions (e.g., PM2.5) where no public health benefit from the direct effect of the rule in question can be cited. The Clean Air Plan is simply the latest in a long line of air quality rulemaking where no public health benefit can be directly attributed to the pollutant the rule is intended to address.

Perhaps even more significant as a critique of EPA’s cost analysis is the fact that the cost/benefit equation ignores (as it does for essentially all such rules) the negative public health impacts of reducing the disposable income of those who are affected by the rule.
This rule if implemented will significantly impact the costs of electricity. That cost, particularly when borne by lower income ratepayers, will reduce the ability of those ratepayers to afford other essential goods and services that directly affect their health and welfare, including medical care, medicine, adequate food and housing and the expenses required to be sufficiently educated and prepared to acquire and maintain employment. The strongly positive correlation between income and public welfare and longevity has been well established and any cost/benefit analysis that ignores it cannot be considered to be valid or credible.

Other Impacts on Texas
It has been suggested by many in support of this rule that Texas should share that support due to the positive impact the rule will have on demand for natural gas, particularly as the prices for natural gas have declined and the incentives for more production have weakened. There is also at least the implication that Texas can benefit from this rule by simply building more gas-fired electric generation and easily mitigate the loss of any coal-fired facilities, while simultaneously benefiting from the economic effects of increased gas production. Missing from this presumptive analysis is the proper recognition of the role Texas’ competitive deregulated retail electric market plays in any theoretical scenario of how this state would attempt to implement EPA’s suggested methods of compliance. In Texas the Public Utility Commission, perhaps unlike in most other states, cannot simply set a price for electricity that will provide an incentive to build new gas-fired power plants to replace coal-fired plants. It is entirely uncertain that Texas’ electric market structure will be able to react as EPA assumes it can under any requirement to replace coal-fired with gas-fired generation.

The assumption that Texas can increase natural gas electric generation while benefiting from increased natural gas production also ignores the potential impact of other air quality rules being promulgated by EPA. The proposed reduction in the ozone national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS) can potentially bring large areas of Texas, including the major oil and gas production areas, into nonattainment status for ozone. Without a clearer picture of what a revised ozone NAAQS will be, what areas will be determined to be nonattainment and how such designation and subsequent ozone control measures will affect natural gas exploration and production, availability and price, it is impossible at this time to make assumptions that can dispel the many legitimate concerns about the loss of coal-fired electric capacity in Texas.

Conclusions
EPA’s proposed Clean Power Plan is poorly supported by current law and suffers from a thorough lack of technical and financial justification. It truly is a rule that on its face will have enormous costs and virtually zero benefit. It fulfills the administration’s goals for a cap and trade program by making cap and trade the only viable option for some states who simply cannot reengineer their electric power systems. In fact, the proposal will conceivably reward those states that have some type of cap and trade program by enabling those states with marketable credits to sell to other states, essentially establishing a wealth transfer from coal states to non-coal states. The proposal further supports the anti-coal agenda by imposing de facto federal renewable energy standards and federal energy efficiency standards – all in one rule.

It is appropriate to question EPA’s motives in proposing a rule that has such significant questions as to its legal foundation and for which the cost/benefit analysis so clearly shows that there are no benefits. Even the EPA leadership appears somewhat uncertain as to exactly what this rule is intended to do. In testimony before the Senate Public Works Committee, EPA Administrator Gina McCarthy stated:

“The great thing about this [111(d)] proposal is that it really is an investment opportunity. This is not about pollution control. It’s about increased efficiency at our plants, no matter where you want to invest. It’s about investments in renewables and clean energy.”

However, Acting Assistant Administrator for Air and Radiation, Janet McCabe, before the House Energy and Power Subcommittee described the same rule quite differently:

“Chairman Upton, this is not an energy plan. This is a rule done within the four corners of 111(d) that looks to the best system of emission reduction to reduce emission… The rule is a pollution control rule, as EPA has traditionally done under section 111(d).”

If EPA admits that a rule to benefit climate change has no effect on climate and is yet still unclear as to what the rule is for, it would appear prudent to postpone any further consideration at this time.

Thank you for the opportunity to appear before the committee and share our thoughts on this subject. Please contact me at 512.637.7707 or sminick@txbiz.org if you have questions or need additional information.

Respectfully,

Stephen Minick
Vice President for Governmental Affairs
Texas Association of Business

Stop the Subsidies for Wind & Make Them Follow Regulations….NOW!

A decade after welcoming wind, states reconsider

CALUMET, Okla. (AP) — A decade ago, states offered wind-energy developers an open-armed embrace, envisioning a bright future for an industry that would offer cheap electricity, new jobs and steady income for large landowners, especially in rural areas with few other economic prospects.

To ensure the opportunity didn’t slip away, lawmakers promised little or no regulation and generous tax breaks.

But now that wind turbines stand tall across many parts of the nation’s windy heartland, some leaders in Oklahoma and other states fear their efforts succeeded too well, attracting an industry that gobbles up huge subsidies, draws frequent complaints and uses its powerful lobby to resist any reforms. The tension could have broad implications for the expansion of wind power in other parts of the country.

“What we’ve got in this state is a time bomb just waiting to go off,” said Frank Robson, a real estate developer from Claremore in northeast Oklahoma. “And the fuse is burning, and nobody is paying any attention to it.”

Today, many of the same political leaders who initially welcomed the wind industry want to regulate it more tightly, even in red states like Oklahoma, where candidates regularly rail against government interference. The change of heart is happening as wind farms creep closer to more heavily populated areas.

Opposition is also mounting about the loss of scenic views, the noise from spinning blades, the flashing lights that dot the horizon at night and a lack of public notice about where the turbines will be erected.

Robson said the industry is turning the landscape into a “giant industrial complex,” and the growing cost of the subsidies could decimate state funding for schools, highways and prisons.

Oklahoma went from three farms with 113 turbines a decade ago to more than 30 projects and 1,700 active turbines today.

With the rapid expansion came political clout. The industry now has nearly a dozen registered lobbyists working to stop new regulations and preserve generous subsidies that are expected to top $40 million this year.

Evidence of that influence can be seen at the Statehouse. A bill by the Senate president pro tem to ban any new wind farms in the eastern half of the state was quickly scuttled in the House. When state Rep. Earl Sears tried to amend the proposal to include some basic regulations for the industry, lobbyists killed that idea, too.

“I personally believe that wind power has a place in Oklahoma, but I’m frustrated,” Sears said. “I think they should have more regulations.”

Wind developers say they’re just protecting their investment — more than $6 billion spent on construction of wind farms in Oklahoma over a decade, according to a study commissioned by the industry. In addition to royalties paid to landowners, the giant turbines themselves are valued at as much as $3 million each.

Monte Tucker, a farmer and rancher from Sweetwater in far western Oklahoma, said his family has received annual payments of more than $30,000 for the four wind turbines placed on their ranch two years ago.

“We’re generating money out of thin air,” Tucker said. “And if the landowners don’t want them, the developers have to go somewhere else.”

Tucker says the turbines take only about 5 acres of his property out of production, and they have not affected the deer, turkey and quail hunting on the land. On a recent 101-degree day, he found about 40 of his cows lined up in a single row in the turbine’s shadow.

Meanwhile, a formal inquiry into how the industry operates in Oklahoma is being launched by a state regulatory agency at lawmakers’ request. The fact-finding mission could lead to legislation targeting the industry.

The turbines are subject to local property taxes after a five-year exemption for which the state reimburses local counties and schools. The exemption for wind producers was designed to offset a lifetime property tax exemption in neighboring Kansas.

In addition, the state offers wind developers tax credits based on per-kilowatt production that can be applied to any corporate income tax liability and then sold back to the state for 85 cents on the dollar. Those cash subsidies are expected to total $80 million over the next four years, according to estimates from the Oklahoma Tax Commission.

Oklahoma is one of at least six states competing for wind industry development, which often breathes life into communities that have lost manufacturing jobs and family farms.

Over the last decade, the number of wind-generated megawatts has grown from 6,000 in 2003 to 61,000 last year, which equates to roughly 30,000 turbines.

The biggest wind industry boom is taking place in Texas. Iowa and Oklahoma are close behind. Other states that have announced major projects include Kansas, North Dakota and New Mexico, according to the American Wind Energy Association, a trade group.

In Kansas, Republican Gov. Sam Brownback is trying to balance his state’s embrace of wind with opposition to a 2009 state energy law that requires utilities to use more wind and other renewable sources of power. Brownback supports wind energy, but his political base includes free-market GOP conservatives who oppose such mandates.

Texas Comptroller Susan Combs released a report last week urging an end to state subsidies for wind power, saying that tax credits and property tax limits helped grow the industry but today give it an unfair advantage.

“It’s time,” Combs said, “for wind to stand on its own two feet.”

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